Ese ibyuma bidafite ingese?

Abantu benshi batekereza ko ibyuma bitagira umwanda atari magnetique, kandi akenshi bakoresha magnesi kugirango bamenye niba ibicuruzwa ari ibyuma. Ubu buryo bwo guca imanza mubyukuri ntabwo ari siyansi.
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri ukurikije imiterere yubushyuhe bwicyumba: austenite na martensite cyangwa ferrite. Ubwoko bwa austenitis ntabwo ari magnetique cyangwa magnetique idakomeye, naho ubwoko bwa martensite cyangwa ferritic ni magnetique. Muri icyo gihe, ibyuma byose bya austenitike bidafite ibyuma birashobora kuba magnetique rwose mugihe cya vacuum, kubwibyo ukuri kwicyuma ntigishobora gucirwa urubanza na rukuruzi yonyine.
Impamvu ibyuma bya austenitike ni magnetique: ibyuma bya austenitike bitagira umuyonga ubwabyo bifite isura ya cubic ya kristu yubatswe, kandi hejuru yimiterere ni paramagnetic, bityo imiterere ya austenitike ubwayo ntabwo ari magnetique. Ubukonje bukonje nuburyo bwo hanze buhindura igice cya austenite muri martensite na ferrite. Muri rusange, ubwinshi bwa martensite bwiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwubukonje bukabije no kugabanuka kwubushyuhe. Nukuvuga ko, uko imikorere ikonje ikonje, niko guhinduka kwa martensitike no gukomera kwa magneti. Ibyuma bishyushye bya austenitis ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bisa na magnetique.

Ingamba zo gutunganya kugirango zigabanye uburyo bworoshye:
(1) Ibigize imiti bigenzurwa kugirango haboneke imiterere ihamye ya austenite no guhindura uburyo bwa rukuruzi.
(2) Kongera uburyo bwo kuvura ibikoresho byateguwe. Nibiba ngombwa, martensite, δ-ferrite, karbide, nibindi muri matrise ya austenite irashobora kongera gushonga hakoreshejwe uburyo bukomeye bwo gukemura kugirango imiterere irusheho kuba imwe kandi urebe ko imbaraga za rukuruzi zujuje ibisabwa. Kandi usige intera runaka yo gutunganya nyuma.
(3) Hindura inzira n'inzira, ongeramo igisubizo cyo kuvura nyuma yo kubumba, hanyuma wongereho uburyo bwo gutoranya inzira. Nyuma yo gutoragura, kora ikizamini cya magnetiki kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa μ (5) Hitamo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gutunganya nibikoresho by ibikoresho, hanyuma uhitemo ibikoresho bya ceramic cyangwa karbide kugirango wirinde imbaraga za magnetiki yibikorwa byakazi kugirango bitagira ingaruka kumiterere ya magneti yibikoresho. Mubikorwa byo gutunganya, umubare muto wo gukata ukoreshwa uko bishoboka kwose kugirango hagabanuke kubaho impinduka za martensitike ziterwa no guhangayika bikabije.
(6) Degaussing yo kurangiza ibice.